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Introduction to
Statistics and
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Introduction to
Statistics and
Measures of Central Tendency
NCTM Standards on Data Analysis
Instructional programs from pre kindergarten through grade 12 should enable all students to:
- formulate questions that can be addressed with data and collect,
- organize, and display relevant data to answer them;
- select and use appropriate statistical methods to analyze data;
- develop and evaluate inferences and predictions that are based on data;
NCTM Standards on Data Analysis
http://standards.nctm.org/document/chapter3/data.htmFor example, random samples, bias in sampling procedures, and limited samples all are important considerations. For instance, would collecting data from the men's and women's basketball teams provide needed information to determine the average height of a college student? Will a larger sample reveal a more accurate picture of the percentage of students with brown hair? The graph below illustrates the results of increasing the sample size:
Assignment Project
Readings Bello & Britton, Sections 11.1-11.2
Web Resources These web resources have links
to both statistics resource sites
and data set sites.
These next two weeks are spent on statistics. The first week will cover collecting the data, creating a histogram showing frequencies, and finding the measures of Central Tendency. So the assignment is a two week assignment which must include the following components:1) a collection of real-world data - you can: conduct a survey, take data off the Internet (see Using Internet Data), collect data from a scientific experiment, or use any other real-world data you wish!
2) a histogram and some other chart which you find the "best" to reflect your data. Be careful of your choice of the interval when working with histograms- see the material on histograms. Be thoughtful with your choice of chart - see the material on charts/graphs.
3) an analysis of your data which includes:
a) the Measures of Central Tendency: the Mean, Median, and Modeb) the Measures of Dispersion: the Range and Standard Deviation
c) the Normal Distribution Curve overlaying your histogram
d) a paragraph analyzed your data and making some sort of "decision" around your data. For example, if you use volcanic data, you might be able to predict a possible pattern.
You may use a spreadsheet, a graphing calculator, or applets on the Internet to work with your data!
American Statistical Association - the professional organization for statisticians and Teachers of Statistics
http://www.amstat.org/Ask Dr. Math - on statistics
http://forum.swarthmore.edu/dr.math/tocs/prob.stats.middle.htmlThe Best of Teaching Statistics - an anthology of articles for all grade levels about teaching statistics
http://science.ntu.ac.uk/rsscse/TS/bts/contents.htmlDirectory of Online Statistics Sources - Links to sites that offer statistical information and up-to-date relevant trends and issues.
http://www.berinsteinresearch.com/Interactivate's Sites on:
Introduction to Statistics: Mean, Median, and Mode
http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/lessons/sm1.htmlHistograms and Bar Graphs
http://www.shodor.org/interactivate/lessons/sm3.htmlK-12 Statistics - a list of resources in statistics including lessons and useful data sets. The links are organized to follow the NCTM Standards Statistics goals can be found on page 167 of the NCTM Standards.
http://www.mste.uiuc.edu/stat/stat.htmlA Kentridge Music Store - example of how an integrated math program works with statistics.
http://www.kent.k12.wa.us/staff/mdquinn/Integrated1/int1unit3proj.htmMathematics Standards of Learning - Grade Five Statistics Lessons on Statistics
http://www.pen.k12.va.us/VDOE/Instruction/wmstds/math5.shtml#5.17Online Resources for Teaching Statistics - lots of sites including Java Applets for teaching statistics
http://it.stlawu.edu/~rlock/tise98/Raisin Cane Lesson Plan- a complete lesson plan using boxes of raisins for discovering how many raisins come in a box.
http://score.kings.k12.ca.us/lessons/RaisinCane.htmlStatistics - a Guide to Statistics on the Web - Lists of Departments, Software, Listservs, Journals, etc.
http://www.stat.ufl.edu/vlib/statistics.htmlStatistics in the Curriculum - ASA Quantitative Literacy Projects, a position paper giving the Overview of the American Statistical Association's Quantitative Literacy Projects
http://www.amstat.org/education/ql-projects.htmlTheorist Applies Computer Power To Uncertainty In Statistics - now known as LiveMath, this article talks about using data sets in a computer algebra system
http://www.mste.uiuc.edu/stat/bootarticle.htmlThrasher, Anne - ways to use the data gathering and regression analysis and info on Colorado Fourteeners.
http://home.earthlink.net/~annet/regression.html
Dr. B's Data Gallery - a large number of graphic depict ions of data, such as histogram, stem and leaf, boxplot, normal probability, etc.
http://research.ed.asu.edu/siip/data.gal/Dr. B's Wide World of Web Data - an archive of a set of links to data and depict ions of data from throughout the world, organized by topic areas.
http://research.ed.asu.edu/siip/webdata/Demographic Statistics From the Government ----- list of agencies that supply data such as the census bureau, election data, spreadsheet data
http://www.fedstats.gov/programs/index.htmlFinding Data Sets on the Web - gives a number of resources for finding and using real world data
http://forum.swarthmore.edu/workshops/usi/dataproject/usi.genwebsites.html1990 Census Lookup ----- 2000 will soon be here! - site to create your own info with spreadsheets
http://venus.census.gov/cdrom/lookup
- National Election Site's Study and Data Resources- a collection of data sets from 1948-2000
http://www.umich.edu/~nes/studyres/studies.htmwith a 1992-1997 NES Combined File - data are in raw ASCII format.
http://www.isr.umich.edu/nes/data/92_97cmb.htm- Population Study Center -one of the oldest population centers in the United States, in both domestic and international population research
http://www.psc.lsa.umich.edu/- TI Interactive Data Sites Categories - but check these links out, for they have not been updated and many of them need to be rerouted!
http://www.ti.com/calc/docs/interactive/docs/datasites/datasitecategories.html
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